Enjoy Gaudi's unfinished masterpiece, The Sagrada Familia
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The Sagrada Familia is one of Barcelona's most famous landmarks and is the most popular tourist attraction in the country. An estimated 20 million people visit the area each year just to view it from the outside, with over 4 million buying tickets to enjoy the inside.
A UNESCO World Heritage Site even though it isn't even complete yet and an architectural masterpiece that was designed by the late Catalan architect Antoni Gaudí, whic captivates those that see it.
The full title of the Sagrada Familia is "The Basílica i Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Família." It's a Roman Catholic Church that was consecrated as a minor basilica on November 7, 2010, by Pope Benedict XVI. In the Eixample district of Barcelona, the Sagrada Familia became the passion project of Gaudi, who was one of the most celebrated architects of the 20th century. After completing another of Barcelona's popular attractions, Casa Milà (La Pedrera) in 1912, Gaudi devoted himself entirely to the Sagrada Familia project. He didn't start the project but was brought in later and it ended up transforming into his life’s work.
The Sagrada Familia has a calming feeling. The light and colour dance through the beautiful stained glass windows. Maybe its because you know its a religious building, but the interplay does create a peaceful ambiance and this is despite of the thousands of people that visit the church on a daily basis. The grand columns capture your attention as they branch out like trees and support the roof, which reflect Gaudi’s love for nature.
The stained glass windows of the Sagrada Familia are nothing short of magnificent. They cast colourful shades across the interior which creates patterns of light and shadows that shift with the sun’s movement throughout the day. People just sit and spend hours just watching the light show. Gaudi’s famous quote, “Glory is light, light gives joy, joy is the happiness of the spirit,” is brought to life here.
The Sagrada Familia has five naves. The central one is the biggest and is supported by the tree-like columns. The columns also play a crucial role in the ever-changing light and shadows in the church as the light its them and they cast shadows.
Antoni Gaudi himself was laid to rest in the crypt on June 12, 1926. The crypt is near the apse under a grand sculpture of Jesus Christ with stained glass windows above that flood the area with light during the day. Gaudi’s devotion to the Virgin Mary inspired the design of the apse, which incorporates the seven sorrows and joys of Saint Joseph.
The museum which is dedicated to Gaudi’s life and works is under the Sagrada Familia and tickets also includes access to it. The museum features exhibits on Gaudi’s creative process, original furniture, drawings, photographs, and models related to the construction of the Sagrada Familia. The museum offers a deeper understanding of Gaudi’s genius along with the history of the monumental project.
The Sagrada Familia’s architecture is a blend of Gothic and Art Nouveau elements. It will have three distinct façades upon completion:
A man by the name of Josep Maria Bocabella had the original idea for the Sagrada Familia. He was a local bookshop owner and envisioned creating an expiatory temple dedicated to the Holy Family.
He initially commissioned an architect (not Antoni Gaudi at this stage), to design the church, and construction started in 1882. However, disagreements followed regarding the design and it was at this point that Antoni Gaudi became involved in the project (and eventually took over).
Gaudi was still working on other local commissions at the time which included Casa Mila - La Pedrera. As a religious man, Gaudi's vision for the Sagrada Familia was to build a church that represented the three stages of Jesus' life: The Nativity, The Passion, and The Glory. The stages were to be depicted in the three façades of the church.
Gaudi's designs often incorporated elements of nature, along with stained glass, sculptures, and various other features. He would use the elements to tell the story of Jesus' life and other biblical events through time.
Gaudi also realised the Sagrada Familia would not be completed during his lifetime, so he focused on the exterior, believing that if the outside was completed, future generations would be more likely to continue the work and complete the project.
Gaudi ended up dedicating over 40 years of his life to the Sagrada Familia until his death in 1926, when he was struck by a tram on his way to mass. Since then, a succession of architects has continued his work.
The Sagrada Familia has faced numerous challenges over the years including being damaged by an arson attack during the Spanish Civil War, which caused construction to halt. Work finally resumed in 1954. Then the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 also temporarily forced construction to stop. Despite these setbacks, the project continues, with Gaudi's vision still guiding its completion.